Which statement best describes RAM?

• A. It is volatile and stores programs and data the CPU needs in real time
• B. It is non-volatile and retains data after power-off
• C. It stores the bootup instructions and basic diagnostic software
• D. It stores the startup configuration file

Answer: (A)

RAM is the computer's working memory. It is volatile, so its contents disappear when power is removed. It holds the programs and data the CPU needs while the computer is running, allowing fast, real-time access. When you launch an application, the OS loads it from permanent storage into RAM so the CPU can fetch instructions and operate on data quickly. The other descriptions refer to non-volatile memory: firmware stores boot-up instructions, and flash/NVRAM retain startup or configuration data without power. Because RAM’s role is fast, temporary storage for active code and data and its volatility, the statement describing it as volatile and used for real-time access to programs and data is the best match.